Essay: Biotechnology Research In India - Jitendra Pankaj

            Biotechnology Research In India

Jitendra Pankaj

4^th year (biotechnology), Ims Engineering College, Ghaziabad

Email id: - jitendra.pnkj@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION :-

Biotechnology (sometimes shortened to "biotech") is a field of applied biology    that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine. Biotechnology also defined as “Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.”

Application of biotechnology:-

1.     Health care

2.     Crop production

3.     Agriculture

4.     Biodegradable plastics, vegetable oil,  biofuels

Biotechnology research in India:-

Technologies	Developed by	Transferred  to
Pregnancy slide test	National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi	Ranbaxy Laboratories, New Delhi
Latex agglutination	National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi	Ranbaxy Laboratories, New Delhi
Typhoid fever detection kit	National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi	Lupin Laboratories, Bombay
Amoebic liver abscess	National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi	Cadila Laboratories, Ahmadabad
Bamboo by tissue culture	University of Delhi, Delhi	Tata Energy Research Institute, New Delhi
Microbial convertion on benzaldehyde into L-phenylacetylcarbinol	Central Drug Research Institute, lucknow	Atlus Laboratories, Ambala
Hepatitis B detection kit	National Institute of Immunology,New delhi	Lupin Labs Ltd. Bhopal

Transgenic Research:-

India has evolved from a net importer of food grains with a domestic production of about 50 mt in 1950-1951 to a position of self sufficiency of food grains. The country has achieved record food grain production of 206 mt in 1999-2000. The intensive area development pogramme (IADP), high yielding variety programmes and to some extent multiple river valley projects is duly responsible for Indian food security.

The department of Biotechnology has made a concerted effort to support various programmes in the area of plant biotechnology. Three major types of activities are being supported: research and development projects in identified priority crops (rice, wheat, chickpea and mustard); multiinstitutional projects on development of transgenic for stress resistance and quality traits and plant molecular biology programmes in centers of excellence. In addition to the public funded research there is a major interest being shown by the private group also.